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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA widely adopted in-memory data gridFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#344  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerprometheus.iowww.warp10.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerprometheus.io/­docswww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHazelcastMicrosoftSenX
Initial release20132008201920152015
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaGoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesno infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexednono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes infoWarpScript
Triggersnoyes infoEventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoReplicated Mapyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoby Federationselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHazelcastMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPrometheusWarp 10
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