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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HarperDB vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HarperDB vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.60
Rank#244  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.harperdb.ioorientdb.orgwww.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHarperDBOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-UnionApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20132017201020102014
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1, August 20213.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Node.jsJavaJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like data manipulation statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Java, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaJava Stored Procedures
TriggersnonoHooksyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHarperDBOrientDBStardogTrafodion
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