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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. Informix vs. LevelDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. Informix vs. LevelDB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonInformix  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A secure embeddable database from IBM, positioned besides IBM Db2 as a relatively low-cost product optimized for OLTP and Internet of Things dataEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 12.10 support for JSON/BSON datatypes compatible with MongoDBKey-value storeRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS infowith Informix TimeSeries Extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score17.12
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­informixgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlinformix.hcldoc.com
www.ibm.com/­support/­knowledgecenter/­SSGU8G/­welcomeIfxServers.html
github.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaThomas MuellerIBM, HCL Technologies infoEffective May 1st, 2017, HCL took on development, technical support, and product management teams, and works jointly with IBM on product strategy, marketing, and sales.GoogleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132005198420112005
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.2.220, July 202314.10.FC5, November 20201.23, February 202112.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC, C++ and JavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoSince Version 12.10 support for JSON/BSON datatypesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
JSON API infoMongoDB compatible
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyesnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authentication, authorization, and auditing controlsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaH2InformixLevelDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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Apache ImpalaH2InformixLevelDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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