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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GreptimeDB vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GreptimeDB vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGreptimeDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiencyAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#352  Overall
#33  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggreptime.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.greptime.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGreptime Inc.Hypertable Inc.Microsoft
Initial release2013202220092019
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.9.8.11, March 2016cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++RustC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC
C++ API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePythonnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor on file system levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSimple rights management via user accountsnoAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaGreptimeDBHypertableMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsGreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more
Competitive advantages- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more
Typical application scenariosFor IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more
Key customersGreptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more
Market metricsGreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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Apache ImpalaGreptimeDBHypertableMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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