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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Greenplum vs. HyperSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Greenplum vs. HyperSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggreenplum.orghsqldb.orgprometheus.iowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.greenplum.orghsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlprometheus.io/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPivotal Software Inc.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132005200120152005
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.0.0, September 20232.7.2, June 202312.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaGoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2nono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Perl
Python
R
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesJava, SQLnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationnoneyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaGreenplumHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBPrometheusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Apache ImpalaGreenplumHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBPrometheusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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