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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TimesTen vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TimesTen vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1www.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20132010201219982019
Current release4.1.0, June 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)1.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++.NET and CClojure
Server operating systemsLinux.NEThostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoPL/SQLno
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonooptimistic lockingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTimesTenXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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