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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Graph Engine vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.graphengine.iogoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticstinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release20132010201420162009
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++.NET and CJavaScriptC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux.NETserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safarihosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
JavaScriptC#
Java
PHP
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoTransact SQLno
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnoyesno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTinkerGraph
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