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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsyaacomo.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.keydb.devdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release20132017201920162009
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD-3commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinuxhostedAndroid
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoLuaTransact SQL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)simple password-based access control and ACLyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerKeyDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseYaacomo
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