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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ignite vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ignite vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score3.11
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerignite.apache.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleApache Software FoundationDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release20132017201520132016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022Apache Ignite 2.6
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, Java, .NetC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Java, SQL
Triggersnonoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes (replicated cache)yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Security Hooks for custom implementationsStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerIgniteNuoDBToroDB
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