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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2GIS vs. Tigris

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2GIS vs. Tigris

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonTigris  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spatial extension of H2A horizontally scalable, ACID transactional, document database available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#359  Overall
#50  Document stores
#52  Key-value stores
#23  Search engines
#37  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2gis.orgwww.tigrisdata.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homewww.tigrisdata.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleCNRSTigris Data, Inc.
Initial release2013201720132022
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
CLI Client
gRPC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infobased on H2no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infobased on H2yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, using FoundationDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on H2Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerH2GISTigris
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Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
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Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
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