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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.88
Rank#130  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablehsqldb.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2013201520011994
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.7.2, June 202318.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoJava, SQLno
Triggersnonoyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud BigtableHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBOracle Berkeley DB
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