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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hive vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hive vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablehive.apache.orgwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by Facebook
Initial release2013201520122014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 202210 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsnoACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud BigtableHivePostgres-XL
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