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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticstinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleChris DavisMicrosoft
Initial release20132015200620162009
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++PythonC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
Unix
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoTransact SQLno
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)noneImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyesno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud BigtableGraphiteMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTinkerGraph
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