DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. H2GIS vs. LMDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. H2GIS vs. LMDB vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Spatial extension of H2

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.h2gis.org

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

realm.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

www.lmdb.tech/doc

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

CNRS

Symas

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2013

2010

2013

2011

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

0.9.32, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

based on H2

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

based on H2

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

yes

based on H2

yes

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