DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Geode vs. Google BigQuery vs. Kinetica vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Geode vs. Google BigQuery vs. Kinetica vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.66
Rank	#234	Overall
	#107	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

geode.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.kinetica.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

geode.apache.org/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.kinetica.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Google

Kinetica

Mireo

Initial release

2013

2002

2010

2012

2020

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.1, February 2017

7.1, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C, C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights per client and object definable

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles on table level

yes

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