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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A widely adopted in-memory data gridIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.gbase.cnhazelcast.comwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.HazelcastDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoft
Initial release20132004200820032019
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c5.3.6, November 20231.6.25, March 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, Java, PythonJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyes infoEventsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoReplicated Mapnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesnoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesRole-based access controlyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGBaseHazelcastMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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