DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. HBase vs. Hive vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. HBase vs. Hive vs. MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

2013

2004

2008

2012

1995

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

2.3.4, January 2021

3.1.3, April 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C, Java, Python

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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