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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.A high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kingbase.com.cnquestdb.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFoundationDBBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.QuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release2013201319992014
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.2.28, November 2020V8.0, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C and JavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementssupported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducein SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyesSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaFoundationDBKingbaseQuestDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
Apache ImpalaFoundationDBKingbaseQuestDB
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