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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. mSQL vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. mSQL vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablehughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFoundationDBGoogleHughes Technologies
Initial release20132013201519942014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.2.28, November 20204.4, October 202110 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementssupported in specific SQL layer onlynoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducein SQL-layer onlynonouser defined functions
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaFoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtablemSQL infoMini SQLPostgres-XL
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