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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrockset.comwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.rockset.comwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFirebird FoundationMicrosoftRocksetAlessandro Furieri
Initial release20132000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase198920192008
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0.0, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20225.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++C++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
hostedserver-less
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesdynamic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoingestion from XML files supportedno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePSQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationAutomatic shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consoleno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaFirebirdMicrosoft SQL ServerRocksetSpatiaLite
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