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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Heroic

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Heroic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webgithub.com/­spotify/­heroic
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iospotify.github.io/­heroic
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleChris DavisSpotify
Initial release20132012201720062014
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++PythonJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
Unix
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infovia Elasticsearch
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducelimited functionality with using 'rules'nonono
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infolockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
Apache ImpalaFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphiteHeroic
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