DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. OpenSearch vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. OpenSearch vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#144	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#66	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

spark.apache.org/sql

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

opensearch.org/docs/latest

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Elastic

Amazon Web Services

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2010

2021

2014

2008

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

8.6, January 2023

2.5.0, January 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

none

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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