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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.23
Rank#172  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchneo4j.comspark.apache.org/­sqlvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlneo4j.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticNeo4j, Inc.Apache Software FoundationVictoriaMetrics
Initial release20132010200720142018
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20235.20, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava, ScalaScalaGo
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnono
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infovia event handlernono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneSynchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchNeo4jSpark SQLVictoriaMetrics
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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