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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Fauna vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Fauna vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFauna infopreviously named FaunaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFauna provides a web-native interface, with support for GraphQL and custom business logic that integrates seamlessly with the rest of the serverless ecosystem. The underlying globally distributed storage and compute platform is fast, consistent, and reliable, with a modern security infrastructure.Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Search engineTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#26  Document stores
#14  Graph DBMS
#71  Relational DBMS
#13  Time Series DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfauna.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.fauna.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticFauna, Inc.MicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20132010201420152017
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 2023V12.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScalaC
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenonoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Scala
Swift
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesuser defined functionsnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoconsistent hashingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectornonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosIdentity management, authentication, and access controlyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchFauna infopreviously named FaunaDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTimescaleDB
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