DBMS > Apache Impala vs. EXASOL vs. Ingres vs. Interbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. EXASOL vs. Ingres vs. Interbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Well established RDBMS

Light-weight proven RDBMS

originally from Borland

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	4.61
Rank	#72	Overall
	#39	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.exasol.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.embarcadero.com/products/interbase

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.exasol.com/resources

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.embarcadero.com/products/interbase

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Exasol

Actian Corporation

Embarcadero

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2000

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1984

1989

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.2, May 2022

InterBase 2020, December 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Android
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

export as XML data possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java
Lua
Python
R

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

yes

Interbase procedure and trigger language

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Ingres Replicator

Interbase Change Views

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Multiversion concurreny control

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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