DBMS > Apache Impala vs. EXASOL vs. GreptimeDB vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. EXASOL vs. GreptimeDB vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Rdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#139	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#351	Overall
	#34	Time Series DBMS

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.14
Rank	#178	Overall
	#80	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.exasol.com/resources

docs.greptime.com

dev.mysql.com/doc

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Exasol

Greptime Inc.

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Initial release

2013

2000

2022

1995

1984

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

7.4.1.1, 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Rust

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

HP Open VMS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java
Lua
Python
R

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Python

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes, on a single node

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Simple rights management via user accounts

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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