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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data grid
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaExasolGoogleHazelcast
Initial release2013200020172008
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 20195.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategy
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functionsnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Services
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesyesnoyes infoEvents
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated Map
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus Algorithm
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaetcdEXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcast
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