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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app development
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgduckdb.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­search
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlduckdb.org/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­search
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticLeanXcaleMicrosoft
Initial release20132018201020152015
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.10, February 20248.6, January 2023V1
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query languageyes infothrough Apache Derbyno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyesno
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesMemcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnoyes infousing Azure authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDuckDBElasticsearchLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure AI Search
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