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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSIn-memory JavaScript DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.95
Rank#80  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iogithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release2013201620141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1992
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 202417, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageC++GoJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via RaftnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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