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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Hive vs. Ignite vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Hive vs. Ignite vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iohive.apache.orgignite.apache.orgwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeapacheignite.readme.io/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookApache Software Foundation
Initial release20132016201220152014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 2022Apache Ignite 2.610 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJavaC++, Java, .NetC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)user defined functions
Triggersnononoyes (cache interceptors and events)yes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and rolesSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphHiveIgnitePostgres-XL
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