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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Teradata

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSSearch engineSearch engineRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchwww.teradata.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.teradata.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.ElasticMicrosoftTeradata
Initial release20132016201020151984
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 2023V1Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query languagenoyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyesnoyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via Raftyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTeradata
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