DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. KairosDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. KairosDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#233	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

dgraph.io

duckdb.org

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

dgraph.io/docs

duckdb.org/docs

kairosdb.github.io

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Initial release

2013

2016

2018

2013

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.0.0, June 2024

1.2.2, November 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Planned for future releases

simple password-based access control

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph launches Slash GraphQL, a GraphQL-native database Backend-as-a-Service
10 September 2020, TechCrunch

Dgraph Raises $6M in Seed Funding
20 July 2022, FinSMEs

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

provided by Google News

MotherDuck Announces General Availability; Brings Simplicity and Power of DuckDB in a Serverless Data Warehouse
11 June 2024, PR Newswire

DuckDB: The tiny but powerful analytics database
15 May 2024, InfoWorld

DuckDB promises greater stability with 1.0 release
5 June 2024, The Register

DuckDB: In-Process Python Analytics for Not-Quite-Big Data
31 May 2024, The New Stack

DuckDB Walks to the Beat of Its Own Analytics Drum
5 March 2024, Datanami

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2 September 2019, CNX Software

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