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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. NCache vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. NCache vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNCache  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptOpen-Source and Enterprise in-memory Key-Value StoreVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Search engine infoUsing distributed Lucene
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#195  Overall
#29  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.alachisoft.com/­ncachevirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.alachisoft.com/­resources/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectGoogleAlachisoftOpenLink Software
Initial release20132012201420051998
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 20232.1.12, February 20175.3.3, April 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEnterprise Edition availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureJavaScriptC#, .NET, .NET Core, JavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyespartial infoSupported data types are Lists, Queues, Hashsets, Dictionary and Counteryes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query syntax and LINQ for searching the cache. Cache Synchronization with SQL Server using SQL dependency.yes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIIDistributedCache
JCache
LINQ
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
JavaScript.Net
.Net Core
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction Functionsnono infosupport for stored procedures with SQL-Server CLRyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsUsing read-only observersyes infoNotificationsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes, with selectable consistency levelChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Strong Eventual Consistency over WAN with Conflict Resolution using Bridge Topology
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDoptimistic locking and pessimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infousing MemoryDByesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnonoAuthentication to access the cache via Active Directory/LDAP (possible roles: user, administrator)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaDatomicLovefieldNCacheVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNCache has been the market leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005 . NCache...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNCache is 100% .NET/ .NET Core based which fully supports ASP.NET Core Sessions ,...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosNCache enables industries like retail, finance, banking IoT, travel, ecommerce, healthcare...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBank of America, Citi, Natures Way, Charter Spectrum, Barclays, Henry Schein, GBM,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsMarket Leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005.
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNCache Open Source is free on an as-is basis without any support. NCache Enterprise...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicLovefieldNCacheVirtuoso
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