DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.datomic.com

github.com/google/leveldb

google.github.io/lovefield

nsdb.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.datomic.com

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

nsdb.io/Architecture

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Cognitect

Google

Initial release

2013

2012

2011

2014

2017

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.0.6735, June 2023

1.23, February 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java, Clojure

C++

JavaScript

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

Using Apache Lucene

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

StarRocks Brings Speedy OLAP Database to the Cloud
14 July 2022, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

provided by Google News

Nubank buys firm behind Clojure programming language
28 July 2020, Finextra

Zoona Case Study
16 December 2017, AWS Blog

Architecting Software for Leverage
13 November 2021, InfoQ.com

TerminusDB Takes on Data Collaboration with a git-Like Approach
1 December 2020, The New Stack

Brazil’s Nubank acquires US software firm Cognitect, creator of Clojure and Datomic
24 July 2020, LatamList

provided by Google News

Pliops unveils XDP-Rocks for RocksDB – Blocks and Files
19 October 2022, Blocks & Files

Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, Macs
14 September 2022, BleepingComputer

XanMod, Liquorix Kernels Offer Some Advantages On AMD Ryzen 5 Notebook
26 July 2021, Phoronix

Threat Thursday: BlackGuard Infostealer Rises from Russian Underground Markets
21 April 2022, BlackBerry Blog

Rust-Based Info Stealers Abuse GitHub Codespaces
19 May 2023, Trend Micro

provided by Google News

Share this page