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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comjanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comdocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoft
Initial release20132012201720162017
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 20230.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureJavaC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction FunctionsyesTransact SQLno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, HazelcastyesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDb
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