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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HyperSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablehsqldb.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectGoogle
Initial release2013201220152001
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoJava, SQL
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicGoogle Cloud BigtableHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB
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Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

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