DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cubrid vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cubrid vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.datomic.com

duckdb.org

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.datomic.com

duckdb.org/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Cognitect

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2013

2008

2012

2018

2013

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.0, January 2021

1.0.6735, June 2023

0.10, February 2024

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C, C++, Java

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

RESTful HTTP API

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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