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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CrateDB vs. LevelDB vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CrateDB vs. LevelDB vs. Sqrrl

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed Database based on LuceneEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#11  Vector DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcratedb.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbsqrrl.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcratedb.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCrateGoogleAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release2013201320112012
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.8.1, August 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions (Javascript)nono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelnoneselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosrights management via user accountsnoCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCrateDBLevelDBSqrrl
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