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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDFox vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDFox vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftOxford Semantic Technologies8Kdata
Initial release20132005201620172016
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20236.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
Java
PHP
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesreplication via a shared file systemSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesRoles, resources, and access typesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDFoxToroDB
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