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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.In-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.34
Rank#284  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qm
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabletechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin Phillips
Initial release20132005201420191993
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.4-12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptions
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnoyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleno infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"LokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QM
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