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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Realm vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Realm vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comrealm.iogithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationrealm.io/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOntotextRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20132005200020142019
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 202310.4, October 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen SourceOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersnoyesnoyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationnoneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yes
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMRealmXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMRealmXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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