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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Milvus vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Milvus vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.ontotext.commilvus.iorealm.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdrealm.io/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOntotextRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release20132005200020192014
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 202310.4, October 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaC++, Go
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnoyesnonoyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Role based access control and fine grained access rightsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMilvusRealm
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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