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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Firestore

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Firestore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestore
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestore
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectElasticGoogle
Initial release20132005201220102017
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20231.0.6735, June 20238.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functionsyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions
TriggersnoyesBy using transaction functionsyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes, with Cloud Functions
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnoES-Hadoop ConnectorUsing Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicElasticsearchGoogle Cloud Firestore
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