DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. RDF4J vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. RDF4J vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

A fast and solid embedded Key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

using the Octo plugin

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.28
Rank	#306	Overall
	#44	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

rdf4j.org

yottadb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

yottadb.com/resources/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Cockroach Labs

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

YottaDB, LLC

Initial release

2013

2015

2004

2001

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

24.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

AGPL 3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Docker
Linux

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

by using the Octo plugin

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

PostgreSQL wire protocol

using the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

Java
PHP
Python

C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Role-based access control

Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

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More resources

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