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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbrealm.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsGoogleRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release2013201520112014
Current release4.1.0, June 202224.1.0, May 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnononoyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlnoyes

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