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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comhive.apache.orgignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookApache Software FoundationMicrosoft
Initial release20132015201220152016
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20233.1.3, April 2022Apache Ignite 2.6
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJavaC++, Java, .NetC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Transact SQL
Triggersnononoyes (cache interceptors and events)no
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTselectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsyes

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Apache ImpalaCockroachDBHiveIgniteMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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