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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. DuckDB vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. DuckDB vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comduckdb.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsGoogle
Initial release2013201520182011
Current release4.1.0, June 202224.1.0, May 20241.0.0, June 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
server-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlnono

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBDuckDBLevelDB
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