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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2013201520052019
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20233.3.3, December 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoErlangClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCRESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoView functions in JavaScriptno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlAccess rights for users can be defined per database

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"XTDB infoformerly named Crux
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