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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.39
Rank#274  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvcloud.google.com/­spannertrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apicloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCloudflareGoogleApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2013201820172014
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCloudflare Workers KVGoogle Cloud SpannerTrafodion
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