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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.39
Rank#274  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.ontotext.comoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apifirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCloudflareGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014OntotextTobias Oetiker
Initial release20132018201220001999
Current release4.1.0, June 202210.4, October 20231.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenolimited functionality with using 'rules'well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityno
TriggersnonoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoConstraint checkingno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes, based on authentication and database rulesDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.no
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCloudflare Workers KVFirebase Realtime DatabaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMRRDtool
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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